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Chromosomes:
Chromosomes:
CHROMOSOMES are made of DNA tightly coiled around proteins (histones). Each organism has a specific number of chromosomes in each cell that carries their genetic code.
Humans have 46 chromosomes.
Watch this video to give you a better understanding of the chromosomes role and how we will be using it to study genetics.
Watch this video to give you a better understanding of the chromosomes role and how we will be using it to study genetics.
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Do NOT SKIP THIS VIDEO...
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watch the video
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KARYOTYPES:
KARYOTYPES:
We have talked about how the tightly compact nature of chromosomes makes it easier to organize the DNA in a cell. Geneticists (scientists who study genes) use a technique called KARYOTYPING to organize the chromosomes and look for any potential abnormalities (mutations).
We have talked about how the tightly compact nature of chromosomes makes it easier to organize the DNA in a cell. Geneticists (scientists who study genes) use a technique called KARYOTYPING to organize the chromosomes and look for any potential abnormalities (mutations).
A KARYOTYPE is a picture of all the chromosomes of a cell organized into homologous (matching) pairs sorted by size.
A KARYOTYPE is a picture of all the chromosomes of a cell organized into homologous (matching) pairs sorted by size.
Including the sex chromosomes, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes in this karyotype which equals 46 total. A complete set of typical human chromosomes.
Try your hand at making a karyotype!
Try your hand at making a karyotype!
Scroll down on the Learn Genetics block for the activity.
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